Resumen:
This work aims to make a critical and in-depth analysis of the most relevant social issues
in the 21st century, relating to social equality and criminology. It is scientific research to
find facts, theories that prove the social abyss between the different social and racial
classes of this contemporary society. The existing social inequalities, from primitive
society to the present day, clearly show us the idea of a dominant class and race; and this
domain from the time of slavery, hung in the present day, due to capitalism, racial and
social segregation. Social inequality is a sociological and economic concept that
establishes this difference between social classes, which leads to an imbalance in the
world economy, in the political and social sphere. Based on this reflection, it is important
to seek to understand how this imbalance leads us to this social abyss, and how it
significantly affects non-developed countries. We will seek to understand why Brazil is
one of the countries with the most social inequality, and the factors that explain this
imbalance. It is worth emphasizing the impact of slavery construction in Brazil on this
current society, slavery as the basis of the Brazilian economy, an unpaid workforce
violating human rights. The inheritances left by the slavery period, such as racism, gender
inequalities and different forms of prejudice, are other important facts that explain this
extreme inequality in Brazilian society. This lack of economic-social balance raises
several social conflicts, which creates a space for crime in society, and the devalued
classes are at the mercy of this prejudiced society, victims of discrimination by the judicial
system. Thus, the Law emerged to regulate human relationships, but we must seek to
understand in the social context how the Law regulates life in society by applying the
rules written by the legislator, interpreting the normative text for its proper application.
