A cooperação internacional e o princípio da humanidade no acolhimento ao refugiado venezuelano em solo brasileiro

Abstract

This work analyzes the situation witnessed in Roraima (and in a reflexive way, according to the dictates of International Public and Human Rights, in the Brazilian State) of the humanitarian crisis of Venezuelans, who are vict ims of violations of their essential rights and with no other option to guarantee their own survival, and that of their families, had to leave their State of origin, in order to find a welcome in the Territory of the Brazilian State, for a new start in lif e. For this research, which has a delimited time frame (years 2018 2022), the place of entry of Venezuelans was observed, in the Federation Unit of Roraima (which integrates, with twenty six others, the Brazilian State), with small territory, small populat ion and a high number of Venezuelans, and, as the researcher noted, the situation of extreme poverty of Venezuelan citizens in improvised shelters and, until that moment of fieldwork, without an official position from the Federal Union regarding compliance with International Treaties, mainly the Refugee Statute. When questioning, given the social crisis installed in the location marked by xenophobia, about the obligation of the Brazilian State to welcome those Venezuelans, verifying that the action of the F ederal Government was necessary, as recognized by the Federal Supreme Court (Ordinary Action 3121 STF), a reflection is proposed, analyzing national and international normative texts, in addition to the evolutionary framework of the refugee reception polic y (as Venezuelans were later recognized by the Brazilian State itself). The methodology used for the work was, in addition to legal logic, with historical analysis, deductive, pointing out normative texts from Federal Government bodies that acted to comply with the compulsory standards of International Conventions. The research was also carried out based on decisions from Human Rights Protection Courts and the Federal Supreme Court, in addition to bibliographical surveys and doctrinal research, thus pointin g out its theoretical and practical foundations. The study proposes reflections on regional integration, principles of international cooperation and humanity, in view of the frameworks established in order to ensure the reception of Venezuelan human beings victimized in their essential rights. And, in this approach, as a whole, we seek to point towards an inclusive social policy for them, contributing to the reduction of xenophobic conflicts, recognizing that the Federal Union needs to reinforce socio educa tional measures, to promote more inclusive and effective justice regarding refugees.