Gentrificação, direito à cidade e direito à moradia: análise jurídica acerca de um fenômeno artificial de transformação urbana na cidade de Salvador

Abstract

The present course conclusion paper aims to analyze the occurrence of gentrification processes in the city of Salvador from the 20th century on and the impacts of this phenomenon on social rights to the city and to the housing of low-income population. As a central hypothesis of this research, it is the questioning about the possible consideration of gentrification as a process that promotes transformations from the city to the money and as a function of the money, denies the social rights to the city and the housing of the poor population. For this, regarding the scientific methodology, a qualitative exploratory research of was carried out through bibliographic survey of books, theses, dissertations, scientific articles and legislative review. In the first chapter, it was analyzed the concept of gentrification, the production neoliberal logic of the urban space in which it is inserted, and the urban evolution of the city of Salvador until the twentieth century. Subsequently, the problem of the social right to housing and the city in Brazil was presented. It was also analyzed the federal urban policy law and its central instrument within the municipality, thus bringing some considerations about the 2016 master plan of the city of Salvador. Finally, it was analyzed the cases of gentrification that occurred since the 1990s and still in progress in the capital of Bahia and the challenges of these rights in the face of this phenomenon, mainly, considering that the city's master plan opens gaps to these practices as it empties the mechanisms and instruments for promoting the social function of property and controlling real estate speculation in the city.