Razão e dialética: uma compreensão da epistemologia química bachelardiana e suas implicações para a educação

Abstract

Inserting itself in the line of research of the Philosophy of Chemistry "The classics of Philosophy and Chemistry", this work presents as main thesis the assertion that bachelardian chemical epistemology presents an original dialectical structure. Dialoguing with the big area da Chemical Education, his research also presents, as a secondary thesis, that from Bachelard's epistemological thought important implications for Education can be glimpsed, notably in what refers to contributions to the metachemical formation and epistemic-social autonomy of the various actors that integrate that area. Then, firstly, contemplating works such as Philosophy of No, The New Scientific Spirit, Rational Materialism, we outline reflections on central categories of his Epistemology, such as Reason, Dialectics and Noumenon. Then, conceiving it within the framework of an original dialectical thought, we approach his Epistemology Chemistry, analyzing how the philosopher scrutinizes the dimensions of chemical praxis. Let us also briefly discuss his original interpretation of chemical materialism. Subsequently, we present some of the ways in which categories of his thinking have been appropriated by researchers in Chemical Education; then, we analyze how the category Education is presented in Bachelard, in the context of his Pedagogy of Reason, reflecting, especially, on the bachelardian conception of Formation and the relevance of the School Institution in this context. Finally, by way of conclusion, we reaffirm the originality of the dialectic present in bachelardian chemical epistemology, as well as, offering a praise to Reason, we highlight the pedagogical implications of his thought, notably in what refers to his exalting epistemological conception of the libertarian, dynamic and controversial human rationality. It is worth mentioning that the analyzes developed in this work were fundamentally supported by epistemological categories dear to the French philosopher, such as Dialetics, Numenon, Reason, Applied Rationalism, Real, Matter, Materialism, Construction, Objectification, Work, Epistemological Openings, Rectifications, Epistemological Breaks, Profiles Epistemological and Epistemological Obstacles.