A criança no museu: contribuições para formação pedagógica no contexto das infâncias

Abstract

The present research presents the museological institutions as important for cultural, artistic, historical and aesthetic development in the period of childhood, Based on this assumption, the study has the general objective of understanding how the (a) Pedagogue (a) stimulates artistic appreciation in the art-educational constitution of the small child in contact with museums, understanding them as their space for right. They constitute an integral part of the objectives of this study, to reflect on the importance of museums as spaces for young children's rights, as well as their contributions to a pedagogical practice in dialogue with stimulation of appreciation artistic; analyze concrete experiences of teaching practice in Early Childhood Education and under what logics they are operated, as well as identifying the cultural profile of this education professional, through its relationship with Art and Culture. It is a study of qualitative approach developed through an exploratory research that had as data collection instruments, conducting interviews and applying quiz. As a theoretical reference, it brings in the literature review authors such as, Carvalho and Lopes (2016), Gabre (2019), Leite (2006), Santos (2017) and Selli (2013) that contribute significantly to the themes of Children, Education and Museum. Also were chosen as a theoretical contribution to support the research and analysis of the given the publications: “Education as a practice of freedom” (FREIRE, 1967) and "Pedagogy of Autonomy, knowledge necessary for educational practice" (FREIRE, 1996) dialoguing with "Engaged Pedagogy", in the book: "Teaching to transgress: the as a practice of freedom" by Hooks (2013), which point to essential reflections to the act of teaching and learning. To briefly contextualize the conception of childhood in medieval Europe we used the reference of the author Ariès (1981), in colonial Brazil, Barbosa and Santos (2017) and in depth, with the intention of highlighting the concept of children and childhood nowadays, it was necessary to approach the conception developed by Sarmento (2004) who perceive them as beings of law and culture producers, then the study brings the definition of the word Experience described by Larrosa Bondía (2004). The profile and teaching practices of the Pedagogues participating in the research. The results of the study indicated the lack of a more significant initial training and that goes back to teaching the importance of museums in teacher training, as well as teaching planning in pedagogical practices that include museums; lack of a conception of childhoods that contemplates the definition of the author Sarmento (2004), also pointing to the need for teachers to assume a more engaged Pedagogy; The devaluation of art teachers, especially in Early Childhood Education by the of government authorities and the precariousness of public education for children.