O oralismo na educação de surdos no Brasil e as obras de Ana Rímoli De Faria Dória

Abstract

The main objective of this doctoral research is to analyze the oralist concepts present in seven books translated by Ana Rímoli de Faria Dória. Such analysis is guided by the following specific objectives: to understand the conception of the oralist method in line with the historical moment analyzed, within the framework of the political and educational articulations proposed by the National Institute of Deaf Education in the management of Ana Rímoli de Faria Dória; describe the materiality of the printed material translated by Ana Rímoli, highlighting the influence of foreign concepts in the elaboration of didactic material used in the training of deaf teachers; discuss the classification of deafness in the conception of oralism in Brazil, the characteristics of that method; understand the importance of audiovisual training and analyze the curriculum structure of speech didactics. The references of this research are of a historical character and are consistent with the premises of cultural history, anchored, above all, in the studies of the History of Books, History of School Disciplines and School Material Culture. In this sense, the analyzes of Peter Burke (2005), who conceive the New Cultural History as a new epistemological paradigm whose rise is known through studies developed by the fields of school material culture, the history of reading, the history of memory, among other categories. This documentary research culminates in the contribution to the historiographic studies about the Education of the Deaf, and, therefore, to the field of History of Education. Establishing dialogues with Ana Rímoli's print shows the importance of texts that once strengthened oralist ideas and concepts, subsidizing a national teacher training project for the deaf. In addition to being a manager at the National Institute of Deaf Education, Ana Rímoli took the position of an archaeological researcher, looking for physical materials to structure an oralist idea in line with the educational project in Brazil at that time. The dissemination of printed material (both translated and copyrighted) was done in an idiosyncratic way, reaching regions outside the Rio-São Paulo axis, bringing to the heart of the discussions on education for the deaf the states of the different regions of the country.