Metaforizando a alteridade: islamofobia e migração no primeiro governo Donald John Trump (2017-2021)

Abstract

The object of study of this dissertation is Islamophobia in international migrations of Muslims to the United States of America (USA) during the first term of Donald John Trump. Its main objective was to analyze the effects resulting from the mobilization of an Islamophobic discursive-metaphorical repertoire in North American immigration policy directed at Muslim migrants, during the first Trump administration. To meet this purpose, the theoretical-methodological bias employed was qualitative, interpretative and interdisciplinary in nature. The areas of International Relations and Linguistics come together to coordinate the approaches of Nicholas Onuf's constructivism and Critical Applied Linguistics, under Faircloughian Critical Discourse Analysis. Faircloughian critical discourse analysis serves as a method for processing the discursive data investigated here. The sample selected for methodological application involves six texts-speeches of a more legal nature, of which two are executive orders, two are proclamations and two are legislative instruments that guide the process of formulating US immigration policies. It also considers three of Trump's speeches on migration issues and Muslim populations. The guiding thread of the analysis is the idea of metaphor, which alludes to three intertwined processes of constituting the representation of otherness: ontology, constitution and direction. It starts with an argument that favors the perspective that the international is a dimension composed of a set of norms, behaviors, ideas, discourses, practices and institutions, but that it is also a sphere in which the symbolic predominates. In this context, it is worth highlighting that Islamophobia is expressed as a perennial norm that sustains a relationship of asymmetry and subordination between Muslims and Westerners/Christians.