A importância da biocerâmica porosa de β-fosfato tricálcico (β-TCP) na reparação e regeneração óssea da osteonecrose da cabeça femoral.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the interaction between osteoconductive ceramic and osteoinductive stem cells in the repair and regeneration process of femoral head osteonecrosis in individuals with sickle cell disease and its biofunctionality. The clinical study explores an innovative approach to treating avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in patients with sickle cell disease. The treatment involves combining bioceramic material with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells. A total of 24 patients with ONFH at Ficat stages I and II due to sickle cell disease were included in the study. Surgical procedures involved the insertion of a 3 mm wire to guide the surgery, followed by central decompression, bone marrow collection containing mesenchymal stem cells, and grafting of porous granules mixed with autologous bone marrow. Six months post-surgery, osteointegration of the bioceramic material was observed, with the sphericity of the femoral head maintained. Most patients remained stable and pain-free after the treatment. The study suggests that combining bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells and bioceramic material may be effective in preventing the progression of ONFH in patients with sickle cell disease. The clinical, functional, and imaging results of this study indicate successful restoration, regeneration, and function of the femoral head. This led to improved hip functionality, increased mobility, and stability in walking. Further research and larger studies are needed to confirm these promising results and to verify the effectiveness of this treatment approach.