Corpos insubmissos de mulheres na natação em mar aberto, educação, gênero e patriarcado no tempo presente

Abstract

This thesis aimed to analyze, based on the memories and stories of women about their participation in swimming crossings, as swimmers and/or sports coaches-managers, the relationships between these stories, education, patriarchy, gender relations in sports, and the persistence of low female participation in relation to male participation in swimming crossings held in All Saints Bay in the present time. As a starting point for this analysis, we investigated eleven editions of this competition, held between 2012 and 2022, in order to know the proportion of women/men participants and the production of meaning resulting from this participation in relation to education, representation and possible changes in a patriarchal logic in education. This discussion privileged the memories and stories of women swimming crossings, some of them with experience in the technical area and in sports management. Qualitative, multi-referenced research, situated in the field of studies of the History of the Present Time. The oral history methodology was used (Alberti 2005; Delgado, 2003 and 2006 Thompson, 1992) and, to construct the sources, the thematic interview. To analyze the interviews, Verón's (1980) theory of the production of meaning was used. As a result, in the eleven editions of the crossings carried out between 2012 and 2022, there was a participation percentage of one woman for every four men, despite women being the numerical majority of the population of Bahia. Another result refers to the meanings produced in the narratives of the interviewees, where the persistence of barriers that were not overcome in the sports space - open water modality - in swimming crossings in the Bay of All Saints was highlighted. It was concluded that patriarchal values remain present in the private and public spaces, which determines an education that hinders/prevents gender equity in sport, especially in this sporting modality. However, the discourses of the women interviewed indicate, on the other hand, advances and ruptures in the normative prescription regarding female/male roles and point to the importance of female representation to bring about educational changes and a rupture of a patriarchal logic. It was also considered that greater representation of women in the administrative sphere, in the technical and sports areas can enhance other ruptures and lead to a more equal participation of women in sports, especially in open water sports.