Formação de graduandos para a Atenção Primária à Saúde: discurso de egressos da Universidade Federal da Bahia

Abstract

Primary Health Care (PHC) is the main gateway to the Health Care Network (HCN), and plays the role of coordinating care, organizing the network, and operationalizing the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS). It is necessary for PHC to perform highly effective tasks. The training of students for primary health care must be strategic and consider the needs of the users being monitored, their families, and the community, aiming at comprehensive care. This strategically justifies the need for investments in the training of professionals who will provide care at this level of health care. The objective of this study was to analyze academic training for Primary Health Care in health courses at the Federal University of Bahia. Potentialities and needs were identified that could contribute to improving PHC training at UFBA. This is an exploratory, qualitative and quantitative study, using case studies and content analysis, conducted through analysis of syllabuses and interviews with graduates. Thirty syllabuses were located in the 3 courses that covered the objective of this study, and a Similarity Analysis was subsequently performed on them, carried out at Iramuteq. Based on the interviews with the 4 graduates of the 3 courses analyzed, 6 categories emerged. The participants in this study presented different perceptions about their preparation to work in PHC upon graduation. It is essential for the training of undergraduates to be included in the learning and practice scenario of PHC, enabling a qualified training by allowing interaction between teaching, service, health council and community. The importance of training that integrates theory and practice from the beginning of the course was highlighted. And the inclusion of managerial, relational and clinical aspects, aligning them with the needs of PHC and the principles of the SUS, strengthening and qualifying training for PHC.