Avaliação da biometria embrionário-fetal, hemodinâmica fetal e suas correlações com a data do parto e viabilidade neonatal em cadelas da raça Poodle Toy

Abstract

Ultrasound delivery appears as an important tool for monitoring embryonic-fetal development and acquisition, through echobiometry and Dopplerflowmetric evaluation, especially in breeds more predisposed to dystocia. Bitches of the Toy Poodle breed have a greater predisposition to dystocia, due to their size and the high incidence of congenital malformations. The objective was, through ultrasound evaluation of pregnant Toy Poodle dogs, to evaluate fetal echobiometry and correlate it with gestational age; establish formulas that allow estimating birth data and, finally, evaluate the effectiveness of umbilical doppler flowmetric parameters to estimate the proximity of birth and neonatal predictions. Study 1: To study embryonic-fetal biometry, 18 pregnant Toy Poodle females were used, undergoing weekly ultrasound evaluations and measurements of the diameter of the internal chorionic cavity (DCCI), cranio-caudal length (CCC), biparietal diameter (BPD) , diameter of the deep portion of the diencephalon telencephalon vesicle (DPTV), abdominal diameter (DABD), thorax diameter (TD), placental thickness (PT) and renal diameter (REND). All analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM® SPSS®) program with a significance level of 5%. The biometric measurements that showed high clarity and reliability (r and R2 >0.8) with the days before birth (P<0.05) were: BPD, TD, DPTV and REND. Given the results presented, the applicability of specific formulas to estimate birth data in bitches of the Toy Poodle breed is statistically validated. Study 2: In the study of fetal hemodynamics, an ultrasound evaluation was carried out on 15 pregnant dogs of the Toy Poodle breed, divided into groups according to gestational condition (normal fetuses - NF, stillbirths - SB and single fetuses - SF), in which the following parameters were evaluated: minimum fetal heart rate (FHR MIN), maximum fetal heart rate (FHR MAX), heart rate variation coefficient (HR variation), resistivity index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), systole/diastole ratio (S/D), end-diastolic velocity (VDF), systolic peak velocity (VPS) and the average of maximum velocities in a cardiac cycle (TAMAX) in three different evaluation periods, being T1, all measurements performed between 20 and 15 days before delivery; T2, all measurements carried out between 14 and 7 days before birth and T3, all measurements carried out between 7 days and the time of birth. All analyzes were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM® SPSS®) program with a significance level of 5%. In the Doppleflowmetric evaluation, it was possible to observe that there was an effect of the group (NF, SB and SF) on the RI, PI and S/D (P<0.001), as well as an effect of the period (T1, T2 and T3) on MIN FCF, Variation in HR, RI, S/D, VPS and TAMAX (P<0.01). When evaluating the display between groups (FN, NT and FU) or period (T1, T2 and T3), PI was the only parameter that showed a low display with group (P<0.05) and the variation HRFMÍN, HR , VDF, VPS and TAMAX, were moderately moderate with the period (P<0.01). Given the results presented, the applicability and importance of Dopplerflowmetric evaluation in monitoring the development of pregnancy in Toy Poodle bitches is statistically validated, with PI being a promising index for predicting neonatal prediction.