Fatores associados à ideação suicida em mulheres com história de violência conjugal assistidas pela operação ronda Maria da Penha.

Abstract

Violence against women is a phenomenon that impacts women's health with serious implications for the mental sphere, which can lead to suicidal ideation as a response to escape the suffering resulting from experiencing this condition. The objective of this study was to investigate the factors associated with suicidal ideation in women with a history of marital violence. This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study, which took place between February and June 2021 through interviews. There were 231 women over 18 years of age accompanied by Operação Ronda Maria da Penha in the city of Salvador/BA, excluding those who reported having a diagnosis of a mental disorder. The data were analyzed using the Rstudio software and the association between the outcome (suicidal ideation) and the independent variables was verified. The prevalence ratio (PR) was calculated using a bivariate analysis using Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test considering a p value ≤ 0.05 for a statistically significant association. A non-statistically significant positive association was found for the development of suicidal ideation in women of black race/color (RP= 1.52), who had a religion (RP=1.49) and were separated from their partners (RP= 4 .99). Those women who worked for pay (RP=0.87) and were not financially dependent on anyone (RP=0.81) showed a negative association, not statistically significant. It was also found that women who had CMD were 13.13 (RP= 13.13) times more likely to report suicidal ideation when compared to those who did not have CMD, the association of which was statistically significant (p=0.001). Regarding the experience of violence in childhood, there was a positive association with suicidal ideation, which was statistically significant, among women who experienced psychological violence in childhood (RP=1.67; p-value= 0.019), physical violence (RP= 1.63; p-value=0.049) and sexual violence (RP= 1.81 p-value=0.009). In view of the above, it suggests that black race/color, religion, marital status of women, experiencing violence in childhood and presenting a common mental disorder may be directly related to suicidal ideation, however, paid employment and financial independence seem to play a role protective role for the outcome. It is evident that these findings are intrinsically associated with a significantly higher risk of suicidal ideation in women who suffer marital violence.