O PORTUGUÊS COMO LÍNGUA DE ACOLHIMENTO - (PLAc) EM CARTOGRAFIAS CRÍTICAS MULTILÍNGUES: REPERTÓRIOS DE REFUGIADOS E IMIGRANTES COMPULSÓRIOS EM SALVADOR

Abstract

Thousands of people in refugee and forced displacement situations have come to Brazil in recent years, due to serious human rights violations resulting from wars, economic instability, environmental disasters, political and religious persecution, among others. The new migratory flows (BAENINGER, 2018) have moved from the traditional South-North route to the South South axis. A significant contingent of refugees and forced immigrants has arrived in Salvador, Bahia’s capital, even though it is not a border town. That is due to the Brazilian Government's interiorization strategy, supported by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). This dissertation aims to understand the immigration process in Salvador, to give the immigrants some visibility, to verify how they live, what sociocultural characteristics they hold and how they build their linguistic repertoires. Furthermore, it investigates how Portuguese as a Host Language in multilingual and multicultural contexts can be an effective intercultural tool for the integration and social inclusion of immigrants in Salvador’s society. This study is based on the conceptions of Indisciplinary Applied Linguistics (MOITA LOPES, 2006) and Transgressive Applied Linguistics (PENNYCOOK, 2006), as well as on Freire’s writings, the pedagogy of the Autonomy and of the Oppressed (FREIRE, 1998; 1997), and on the Expanded Linguistic Education (CAVALCANTI, 2013). The Portuguese as a Host Language’s theoretical framework is based on (GROSSO, 2010; AMADO, 2011; BIZON, 2013; LOPEZ, 2016; SÃO BERNARDO, 2016; ANUNCIAÇÃO, 2018; DINIZ; NEVES, 2018). This study uses a qualitative-interpretive approach (DENZIN and LINCON, 2006; BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008) and an ethnographic approach (ERICKSON, 1981; LÜDKE AND ANDRÉ, 1996). Instruments were used for collecting, generating and analyzing the data. The results showed how relevant for forced immigrants’ emancipation and autonomy the access to the Portuguese language is. The absence of institutionalized language and public policies articulated to the legal framework for the transnational migrations context was also observed. Therefore, this research practiced its academic and social role, contributing to the state policy implementation with interconnections in the federal, state and municipal spheres. That may offer more dignity for people in moral indigence and migratory vulnerability situations, which were aggravated by the global covid-19 crisis and the serious political and economic crisis that devastates the country.