RESTAURAÇÃO DE RESERVA LEGAL DE PROPRIEDADES OU POSSES RURAIS FAMILIARES: UMA PROPOSTA PARA A COMUNIDADE ILHA DE ANTÔNIO CARDOSO, BAHIA

Abstract

Environmental legislation, specifically Federal Law 12.651 / 2012 and State Decree 15.180 / 2014 provide, among several legal obligations regarding the regularization and environmental adjustment of rural properties. Thus, there is a growing demand for proposals that are feasible and effective, especially considering the protected areas within the rural property, such as Legal Reserve (RL) and Permanent Preservation Areas (APPs), based on the restoration of ecosystem services and That provide ecological connectivity, considering ecological processes and the integrated management of resources. In addition, this legislation provides for a legal obligation of the state public authority to technically support the restoration of the vegetation of the RL's of small properties or rural family possessions. The objective of this study was to analyze the situation of the Legal Reserve areas of small farms, family farms, and propose means of restoration of these areas, considering mainly land uses and a previous diagnosis of soil and On the site and in the surroundings. For this purpose, data from the Forest Restoration Pilot Project, provided by the Institute of Environment and Water Resources (INEMA), were used, analyzing the characteristics of rural family properties, registered in the State Forestry Register of Rural Property (CEFIR) located in Ilha de Antônio Cardoso Community, Antônio Cardoso-Ba. With this, it was evident that according to the use of the soil there is a need for a stage of soil recovery, prior to the restoration of the vegetation. Such restoration can be accomplished by conducting the natural regeneration of vegetation, planting of enrichment, planting of densification or total planting of native species. Considering the similarity of the environmental situations encountered, a joint action was also proposed to restore the Legal Reserve areas of the properties analyzed, using species from the region and the use of fruits and byproducts for commercialization and income generation, promoting in this way incentive to continuity of the process of restoration of the areas and later the possibility of adhesion of other farmers of the region.