Resumo:
The study of polynomial functions and their roots is very present and important in the final
years of Elementary School, as well as in High School. However, the study of their behavior,
graphs, and roots is usually quite limited to polynomial functions of degree 1 and 2. The
present work presents a didactic sequence elaborated and applied in a second year of high
school class of a public school of the State Education Network of Bahia, and uses the
Newton-Raphson Method to obtain the approximation of roots of polynomial functions of
different degrees. The didactic sequence was elaborated and applied with the objective of
re-presenting the basic knowledge of functions, highlighting the polynomials of grades 1 and
2, previously known by the students. In addition, expand the field of studies to higher degree
polynomials, using the technological tools and knowledge about the Newton-Raphson
Method. As tools to assist in this endeavor, some Digital Technologies in Education were
used, through the Geogebra software and Microsoft Excel spreadsheets, as well as their
respective applications for the construction of graphs and spreadsheets (GEOGebra and
Excel). The use of apps is highly feasible due to students' greater accessibility to mobile
devices than computers. Throughout the development of the didactic sequence, it is possible
to perceive a significant improvement in student engagement, as well as a greater ability to
solve problem situations without the need for frequent teacher intervention. With the insertion
of technological tools, it is noticeable how much the interest of students increases, especially
in relation to the possibilities within Excel and its application. Thus, it can be seen that the use
of Didactic Sequences in mathematics classes, in this work specifically in the study of the
roots of polynomial functions and Newton's Method, is an enriching and satisfying teaching
possibility. It is also noticed that the use of educational technologies is a strong ally in the
resolution of several mathematical problems, enabling studies of contents a little more
advanced than those regularly presented in High School, as in the present work.
