Abstract:
This work aimed to study the association between levels of periodontitis severity and
metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults. For this, two studies were conducted: a
systematic review with meta-analysis and a cross-sectional study in adults assisted by
public health services. The systematic review included 14 articles (24,567
participants). The studies underwent methodological evaluation using the Newcastle Ottawa scale. Summary measures (aggregate odds ratio) were calculated using the
DerSimonian-Laird method, in addition to performing sensitivity, subgroup and meta regression analysis. Individuals with moderate periodontitis had a higher overall Odds
Ratio (adjusted OR= 1.16; CI: 95%= 2.10-5.37; p<0.001), while the OR for severe
periodontitis was 1.47 (CI: 95%=1.24-1.69; p<0.001). For the cross-sectional study, a
structured questionnaire, oral and anthropometric assessment of the participants was
applied. The diagnoses of periodontitis and MetS were established based on two
criteria consolidated in the scientific literature. To compare the frequencies of MetS
according to the variables, Pearson's and/or Fischer's chi-square test was used, with
a p value of 5% and a confidence interval of 95%. Unconditional logistic regression
analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted OR. The OR measures were
converted into Prevalence Ratio measures using the Poisson model with robust
variance, adjusted and controlled. A total of 259 subjects with a mean age of 53.2 years
participated in the study. The occurrence of MS was observed in at least 40% of the
individuals, depending on the criterion used. In both criteria for periodontitis, moderate
periodontitis was more frequent. There was a positive association between severe
periodontitis and MetS both in the crude assessment (OR=1.57; CI: 95%=1.06-2.31;
p< 0.05) and in the adjusted assessment (OR=1.58; CI: : 95%=1.01-2.49; p<0.05). The
results of this work indicate a positive and gradual association between periodontitis
and metabolic syndrome.
