A vulnerabilidade de gênero frente aos desafios enfrentados na pandemia de COVID-19

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic, caused by the emergence of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has caused social, economic and health impacts for the world population, mainly due to the deepening of the already existing discrepancies between gender, class and race. Therefore, considering the need to understand the consequences of this pandemic period for the most vulnerable groups, this study focused on investigating the same in the social marker gender. This is a systematic review of the world literature, in which, through the PubMed and Scielo electronic databases, searches were carried out using the following Boolean descriptors and operators gender equality AND impacts AND covid19 OR SARS-COV-2. From the material collected, a final sample of 21 articles was composed, and the analysis revealed patterns of significant results, followed by three thematic categories. The results showed that, during the pandemic situation, gender inequality intensified, females were affected with decreased income, unemployment, overload of domestic work, stress, unpaid care work and domestic violence. In summary, it is discussed how, during the pandemic, some maintenance and attention activities fell on women, in addition to - for mothers - the responsibility of emotional and intellectual work in raising children and managing the house, which induced them to often neglect their own needs. This study reflects the need to question the hierarchy superimposed on the patriarchal structure and hopes to provide subsidies for the expansion of knowledge production and for the formulation of networks to guarantee rights and public policies for gender equality.