Arte e design como estímulo à criatividade na solução de projetos

Abstract

The research has as its object of study the use of art and design strategies in a collaborative process to generate ideas for project solutions. The overall objective is to demonstrate a methodological approach to the conceptual design phase, by stimulating creativity through art and design in solving design problems. The theoretical framework included authors who discuss creativity, art and design, in addition to project methodologies referenced in the thesis. The methodology consists of a qualitative and exploratory research, using document analysis and collaborative workshops for data collection. The subjects of the investigation were students of engineering courses in the first semester of the year 2019, from a Higher Education Institution (IES). The data collection instruments were interviews, descriptive memorials of the projects developed by the groups of research participants and documents generated with the application of creativity tools, in Collaborative Workshops for Engineering Solutions (OCSE), using Relationship Analysis; Moodboard – Product deconstruction; Moodboard – Reference Panel; and Brainwriting 635 or Method 635. The results of the analysis of the information collected reveal that the models for generating alternatives for problem solving stimulated a holistic, humanized, subjective and creative view, with broader perspectives on the problems experienced in the field of engineering, through a collaborative process. Furthermore, there was no intention of advancing in the discussions of training curricula, but rather to carry out an analysis of the possible consequences for the integration of creative processes in decision-making by future graduates of higher education. From a theoretical point of view, the thesis contributes to the methodological approach of art and design inserted in a study proposal, called Collaborative Workshops for Engineering Solutions (OCSE), which was built in this research with the purpose of developing strategies and procedures applied to projects, with the use of tools to stimulate creativity, which can be disseminated and applied in other contexts. From a practical point of view, the study contributes to a new vision of professionals in training in search of solutions to project problems, with greater integration from the point of view of teamwork. This study is useful for artists, designers, students and teachers, who want to try new tools that help the creative process to solve project problems and can be applied in new ways, in future works.