Perfil dos casos de violência sexual no Brasil: uma análise das desigualdades de 2011 a 2021.

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this study was to analyze the profile of sexual violence cases in women reported in health units in Brazil, aiming to understand their relationship with various social markers, as well as the connection of these markers with the outcome of pregnancy resulting from rape. Method: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study with individualized data, developed from reports of violence made in health units across all municipalities in Brazil, recorded in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN – Violence and Accidents Information System/VIVA), during the period from 2011 to 2021. To investigate the profile of violence victims, an approach combining descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression was used. Results: The results indicate that factors such as repeated violence, race/ethnicity, disability, and educational adequacy differ significantly among reported rape cases. The presence of repeated violence, in particular, was a factor significantly associated with different proportions of reported rape cases, while the absence of data on repeated violence and the mismatch of age and education were more prevalent among reported sexual violence cases. Conclusion: The study concludes that sexual violence against women is a complex phenomenon that requires an intersectional analysis to understand how vulnerabilities experienced in Brazil, such as gender, race, and social class, influence violence.