Modelo para gerenciamento do processo de digitalização do licenciamento de obras na etapa de concessão dos alvarás para construção em municípios brasileiros

Abstract

Municipalities around the world are seeking to digitalize the building permit process, especially the construction permit stage, to reduce processing times and increase the efficiency and automation of code checks. There is a growing interest in studies that develop tools that enable a greater understanding of how municipalities can gradually advance through the digitalization stages. However, the literature has indicated that these studies need to consider organizational and procedural aspects of digitalization, in addition to the technological aspect, allowing for an understanding, management, and control of a gradual transition from traditional processes. The objective of this study is to propose a model for managing the planning, implementation, and monitoring of the digitization process for building permits in medium-sized to large Brazilian municipalities. The research strategy adopted was Design Science Research (DSR), involving a longitudinal case study in the Brazilian municipality of Salvador, the conducting of two surveys, and the identification of pioneering digitalization initiatives in 22 countries to propose the model. The evaluation included conducting simulations of twelve possible digitalization scenarios and applying the model to the municipality of Belo Horizonte. The results obtained comprise a management model with an evolutionary roadmap, considering eight factors influencing the digitalization process, seven metrics for estimating and monitoring performance, as well as recommendations for implementation and supporting artifacts, according to the context, extension, and level of digitalization and automation intended by the municipality. The main theoretical contribution is associated with the model’s multiplicity of functions, whether through the representation of the planning, sequencing, implementation, monitoring, updating of municipal legislation and restarting of digitalization stages, or the managerial character of supporting decision-making by municipalities through its potential to sequence digitalization, simulate scenarios, estimate performance and evaluate the progress of maturity until the achievement of the intended levels of digitalization and automation.. As a practical contribution, the operationalization of the model in an application tool, along with documents containing recommendations and best practices, can assist municipalities in developing implementation strategies. Furthermore, the proposed metrics can guide decision-making by the professionals involved, from the initial planning and sequencing stages to monitoring performance and the benefits achieved.