Habitar o Patrimônio: práticas cotidianas e disputas na preservação dos bens edificados

Abstract

This thesis investigates the tensions between the institutional discourses of preservation of built cultural heritage and the everyday practices of residents in listed cities, having as its empirical field the city of Goiás (GO). It seeks to understand how the ordinary experiences of inhabiting, circulating and intervening in listed buildings for improvements in their use, strain the authorized heritage discourses and, simultaneously, produce new meanings and values for preservation. It starts from the hypothesis that everyday social practices, more than resistances to the rigidity of the regulations, configure powerful mediations that re-signify heritage and inaugurate possibilities of shared and socially legitimized management. With a qualitative, critical and interdisciplinary approach, the research articulates foundations of architecture and urbanism, anthropology and decolonial epistemologies. The methodology encompasses four dimensions: bibliographic research and discussion on heritage as a field of dispute; documental and normative analysis of legislation, listing processes and preservation instruments; listening to lived experiences, through participant observation and oral narratives; and practical and collaborative experimentation, materialized in the Ybipitanga Project, which articulates initiatives of extension, culture, research and innovation at the Goiás Campus of the Federal University of Goiás, also included in the Conviver program of the Federal Government. The analytical structure extends from the urban scale, where authorized discourses and regulations are confronted, to the architectural scale, a lived space of dispute of values and of contradictions to technical-institutional tutelage. It defends a paradigm shift: from institutional authority to collective care; from normative imposition to active listening; from monumental exception to the appreciation of ordinary life. Despite the relevance of institutional action, the experimentation of everyday practices transforms the preservation of built heritage into a dialogical and inclusive process. Heritage, understood through experience, reveals itself as a living, relational and community-based practice, capable of articulating ethics, aesthetics and social justice in the urban space.