Práticas assistenciais e experiências de gestantes em Centro de Parto Normal Peri Hospitalar (CPNp): análise de conformidade com diretrizes nacionais e internacionais

Abstract

Childbirth care practices in Brazil are diverse and often marked by interventions that influence and shape the experiences of pregnant women. However, in Peri-Hospital Birth Centers (CPNp), childbirth tends to respect both the physiological process and women’s autonomy. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze whether women's experiences and the care practices provided during labor and birth in a CPNp are in compliance with national and international guidelines. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, specifically a convergent parallel design, using secondary data extracted from the database of the study "Being Born in Birth Centers in Brazil", at the local level. Data collection took place in a CPNp located in the city of Salvador, Bahia, from May to September 2023. For qualitative analysis, Thematic Content Analysis as proposed by Bardin was employed. Quantitative data were analyzed using a framework of variables that presented care practices across the different stages of labor, based on recommended guidelines, along with descriptive statistics. The results revealed a high degree of alignment, indicating that both the women's reported experiences and the care practices at the CPNp were consistent with established guidelines. Of the 173 women who participated in the study, 94 shared their experiences; 87.9% of them were Black, aged between 20 and 34 years, and had no comorbidities. From the qualitative data, the following category emerged: Women's experiences during labor in a Peri-Hospital Birth Center in relation to the care received. All participants were admitted during the active phase of labor; 93.6% did not undergo amniotomy, 92.5% did not receive oxytocin, 99.4% did not undergo episiotomy, and skin-toskin contact was performed in 95.4% of newborns. It is concluded that the care practices in the Peri-Hospital Birth Center (CPNp) occurred with a frequency exceeding 80%, in accordance with the recommended guidelines, aligning with the women's reports, who perceived the care as attentive and described their experiences as positive.