Análise comparativa do perfil imunológico e bioquímico entre pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica e pacientes com Espirometria com Comprometimento da Relação Preservada (PRISm)

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry (PRISm) are pulmonary conditions that share common factors. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms differentiating these entities remain poorly understood. This study aimed to compare the immunological and biochemical profiles of patients with COPD and PRISm and to analyze the correlation of these biomarkers with anthropometric parameters in each group. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted involving 72 patients aged 50-80 years. Serum cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF), biochemical markers (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, glucose, glycated hemoglobin), and anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, triceps skinfold thickness, mid upper arm circumference) were assessed. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding cytokine or biochemical levels. However, in COPD patients, abdominal circumference correlated positively with IL-6 levels (r = 0.565; p < 0.05), while triceps skinfold thickness showed a significant inverse correlation with IL-10 (r = – 0.427; p < 0.05). In PRISm patients, glucose levels were positively correlated with mid upper arm circumference (r = 0.574; p < 0.05) and body mass index (r = 0.567; p < 0.05). Although COPD and PRISm patients exhibited similar inflammatory and biochemical profiles, our analysis of correlations with body composition parameters showed distinct associations. The presents findings underscore the importance of individualized clinical management for each patient group.