AMILOIDOSE - DEMANDAS E PERFIL FONOAUDIOLÓGICO: Revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Amyloidosis refers to a set of diseases in which protein fragments, folded in a highly stable configuration, are pathogenically deposited in the extracellular space of organs and tissues as insoluble fibrils. The reason these fibrils accumulate is not yet clearly elucidated. Once amyloid is formed, susceptible patients have a reduced ability to mobilize and degrade it. With accumulation of proteins, a distortion in the size and shape of the organs occurs, resulting in malfunction. The larynx and tongue are the most common sites of deposition in the upper airways, which results in dysphonia, salivation and changes in airway protection. When the oral cavity is affected, an easily identified aspect is macroglossia. Objectives: This study seeks to identify the speech therapy demand in patients with amyloid deposit disease and what interventions speech therapy can propose together with the other professionals of the multidisciplinary team. Methodology: This is an integrative review with a search for publications in PubMed, Lilacs, SciELO, SciVerse Scopus databases and in the repositories of state and federal public education institutions, with no period restriction. Results: Of the 224 articles found, only 18 were selected for the final sample. Among the main findings, it is noted that most of the studies described subjects with clinical manifestations of amyloidosis presenting difficulty in swallowing, followed by voice alterations and, finally, speech alterations. It was also observed the presence of penetration and aspiration, use of tracheostomy by the patients and an improvement in the swallowing function, after speech therapy. Conclusion: We can find speech therapy demands in patients with amyloid deposit disease, and these issues promote impacts on the functions involving the stomatognathic system, especially in swallowing, voice and speech, areas of intervention that speech therapy potentially acts.