Segregação residencial e redes sociais formadas nas escolas: efeitos sobre a renda dos trabalhadores na cidade de Salvador

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of spatial segregation between whites and blacks, and their social networks formed in schools, on the wages of workers in the city of Salvador. Empirical studies show that Salvador is the most segregated city in Brazil. The theoretical literature suggests that social networks are formed mainly in schools, and have a crucial role both in the spread of job opportunities in the indication of potential candidates to fill them. In this context, the evolution of the urban structure of the city of Salvador, mostly from the 1950s, generates a phenomenon of socio-spatial segregation. Thus, from both School and Population Brazilian 2010 Census, we calculated the dissimilarity indexes for the degree of spatial segregation of elementary school students in the city of Salvador, to verify the displacement of mincerian equations wage regarding the level of segregation between whites and blacks. The results showed that the predominance of whites in private schools, in the most affluent areas of the city, increases segregation in the city. Moreover, segregation positively affects expected salary of whites and reduces the expected value for blacks.