Neoliberalismo e sujeito neoliberal

Abstract

This paper investigates the importance of worker subjectivity in sustaining the contemporary neoliberal system, analyzing how the neoliberal subject is produced through the internalization of competition norms and business rationality. Based on the theoretical framework of Pierre Dardot and Christian Laval, especially the notion of neoliberal governmentality, the study discusses how subjectivation contributes to the self-reproduction of the capitalist system in its most sophisticated form. The study also engages with authors such as Wendy Brown, Vladimir Safatle, Christian Dunker, among others, highlighting the psychic, political, and social dimensions of this form of government. It also analyzes, as contemporary practices, public policies - such as the Brazilian labor reform of 2017 - Brazilian neoliberal psychology, the management of psychological distress, and the policy of financing the consumption of low-income people, which function as devices of subjective standardization. It is concluded that neoliberalism shapes identities and ways of living, promoting dedemocratization, psychological suffering and blocks to collective resistance, by transforming workers into entrepreneurs of themselves, making them fully responsible for their success or failure.