Práticas de cuidado à saúde de mulheres negras em situação de rua

Abstract

This dissertation is located in the field of studies on the mental health of black women, more specifically in the analysis of care practices that psychologists develop in assisting black women living on the streets. The general objective of the study is to analyze how the practice of psychologists in caring for black women living on the streets is constructed and implemented. In this direction, a qualitative research of a descriptive and exploratory nature was carried out. To better understand the topic, an integrative literature review was initially carried out, which indicated that racism and gender discrimination contribute to the worsening of social inequalities, resulting in adverse living conditions and increasing risk situations, which causes psychological suffering to black women. However, there is still a gap in the literature on how to direct care to these women, especially those living on the streets. As part of the methodological approach of the research, the initial approach to the field occurred through the researcher's participation in activities of the Corra pro Abraço program, aiming to establish bonds with both the professionals and the women for whom the care is intended. Next, individual interviews and a conversation group were conducted with psychologists with experience in providing care to homeless black women. To ensure the inclusion of these women's voices, a conversation group was also conducted with the program's participants who shared their experiences on the streets, allowing them to express their expectations about the care they wish to receive from psychologists. In addition, the researcher's personal notes and implications were taken into consideration when producing the information. The material produced was analyzed using the Foucauldian Discourse Analysis approach proposed by Carla Willig (2008), which allowed us to understand that the notion of care, in the context of practice with homeless black women, is mainly associated with the notion of monitoring and ensuring care aimed at black women that recognizes their humanity. We also discussed the importance of intersectionality as an analytical tool for understanding the complexities and diverse forms of interaction of race and gender oppression, among others, in the experiences of these women. From this, it was possible to highlight some problematizations, such as the fact that this notion of care does not yet lead to practices that we can consider anti-racist and anti-sexist in the care of homeless black women. Finally, it is concluded that the notion of care presented reflects a discourse originating from the anti-asylum, anti-prohibitionist and Harm Reduction movements, which suggests practices that can contribute to the development of actions considered anti-racist and anti-sexist, which still require further development for their effective implementation.