Impacto de choques macroeconômicos sobre os níveis de poluição industrial no Brasil

Abstract

In this article, the problem of industrial pollution is treated as an endogenous variable in the Expanded Input-Output Model. The study estimated quantities of different water and air pollutants based on World Bank IPPS data, developed specifically for this type of research. The analytical model proposed by Wassily Leontief was operationalized and consisted of an expanded version of the classic input-output matrix applied to environmental analysis. The results indicated that total suspended solids (942,872 tons), SO2 (803,280 tons), NO2 (477,572 tons), CO (414,323 tons), and total particulate matter (368,791 tons) constituted the five dominant pollutant categories in the Brazilian industrial structure, all belonging to the air pollutant class. Five industries with dynamic pollutant emissions were identified in Brazil. The steel and metallurgy industries, other industries, chemicals and petrochemicals, wood, furniture, pulp and paper, and electronic materials, whose significant pollutant emission multipliers result from shocks in final demand. The most dynamic sectors of the economy were also the most dynamic in pollutant emissions.