Lexicografia dialetal brasileira: o estado da arte no século XX (1920-1959)

Abstract

The study Brazilian dialectal lexicography: the state of art in the Twentieth Century (1920-1959) intends to do a metalexicographical investigation about the establishment of macro and microstructures of five brazilian dialectal dictionaries: O Dialeto Caipira, by Amadeu Amaral (1920); Vocabulário Sul-Rio-Grandense, by Luiz Carlos Moraes (1935); Vocabulário Amazônico, by Amando Mendes (1942); Vocabulário de Têrmos Populares e Gíria da Paraíba, by Leon Clerot (1959); and the Dicionário de Termos Populares (Registered in Ceará), by Florival Seraine (1959). The development of this research is based on the need of building a brazilian lexicographical history that covers dialectal dictionaries, intended to do a recovery technic of diatopic data systematization. The construction of an index for all five books was also the task of this study. The references used were Atkins and Rundell (2008), Burkhanov (1998), Cardoso (1999, 2010), Faulstich (2011), González (2011), Hartmann and James (2002), Miranda (2014, 2019), Krieger (2009), Rey-Debove (1984), Romano (2013), Silvestre and Verdelho (2007), Welker (2004, 2005, 2006 and 2011) and Zgusta (1971). The methodology was consisted in perusing dictionary texts and the bibliography of referenced works to a comprehension of a lexicographical project and identification of criteria taken by the authors; counting the quantity of entries; selection of entries related to nouns and verbs presented in the first three pages of letters A, B, C, M, N, O and S; identification and description of informative entries segments and its typographical and non typographical indicators; survey about organization paths of nouns and verbs entries; and finally, the comparision between macro and microstructures of each work to obtain a role that represents a lexicographical dialectal profile of twentyth century. As results, is possible to see that lexicographical production presented a special highlight to Portuguese language in Brazil, with socio-historical approaches and the survey of linguistical phenomena caracterizing dialects, with a remarkable domain of linguistic terminology to phonetic description and large knowledge of diversity, not restrain itselft only to lexical register of its respectives dialectal áreas, but also developing linguistical comments and comparisions. Nevertheless, it was not identified as a well established lexicographical planing, even though some studies followed the tendency undertaken by Amaral (1920) about linguistic descriptions and vocabulary building. In the microstructure level, an unssistematic characteristic was noted in the composition and structure of entries, which is the reason of the large number of arrangements to the main idea with grammar class and gender, verbal predication, definitions (synonimics, extensional, enciclopedical or lexicographical), lexical variants, scientific nomenclature (to animal and herbs designation), ethimological comments, accreditation or examples, reference notes, sources, remissions and usage marks. Ultimately, the dialectal dictionaries are defined as works of monolingual linguistic reference, organizes semasiologically, which covers the oral and writing category of a language, considering the representation of vernacular standards, no matter syncronical or diacronical perspectives, to emphasize a geographical dimension.