Um mergulho na questão social brasileira: estudo sobre as abordagens de autores referenciais do Serviço Social nas décadas de 1990 a 2020

Abstract

This study is situated in the field of discussions that problematize the theoretical-critical understandings that have been constructed by Social Work, from the 1990s to the present day, regarding its foundations — bourgeois sociability, Brazilian social formation and the social issue — and, as far as possible, a synthesis of the historical processing of social relations under the aegis of capital. The object of study is the social issue, understood in the antagonistic character of capitalist accumulation, as the object of work of a profession, which is Social Work, in a territory, which is Brazil. The objective, in general, is to investigate the approaches to the social issue, in the works of classic and contemporary authors of Brazilian Social Work, having as a milestone the approval of the Curricular Guidelines for the Social Work Course. To this end, the first specific objective is to present the historical terrain that allowed us to get here, with indications about the profession, in its first moments of sedimentation in the Brazilian territory, reaching the Reconceptualization Movement. In the wake of the events that affected the profession in the final decades of the 20th century, we will identify the social issue as the object of work of social workers. This, as a first wave of approaching the subject in question, flows into a second wave; focused on its theoretical-conceptual deciphering, between the years 2000/2010. Finally, we arrive at the third specific objective of the research, which portrays the elaborations of the authors in this second decade of the 21st century, in a third wave that aggregates the particularizing elements of the social issue in the Brazilian social formation. This is a qualitative bibliographic research, of an exploratory and descriptive nature, whose methodological perspective is inscribed in dialectical materialism.