Contribuição à implementação da cobrança pelo uso da água na bacia Rio Verde e Jacaré.

Abstract

The reality of the contemporary aquatic environment is expressed by the intense pressure that all surface water sources and aquifers, especially continental ones, are suffering due to the intensive multiple uses of water. The National Water Resources Policy (PNRH) enshrined in Law No. 9,433/1997, conceives water as a water resource and implements the Charge for the Use of Water Resources as a management instrument. This study was conducted in the basin of the Verde and Jacaré rivers, one of the 34 sub-basins that make up the São Francisco River Basin, inserted in the semi-arid region of Bahia, in the physiographic regions of the Sub-middle São Francisco River, a semi-arid region, whose scarcity of Water is a reality, which can be worsened by the increase in population and the different uses of water. It has a methodological basis in Bibliographic Research, which allows us to know what has already been studied on the subject and relies on the author's life experience in the study region. The general objective of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of charging for the use of water resources in the Verde and Jacaré river basins as a means of ensuring the socioeconomic development of the basin region, taking the São Francisco River basin as a reference. The specific objectives consist of evaluating possible associations with other sub-basins of the São Francisco that create a level of revenue through collection that is capable of accommodating fixed costs, even with the aggregation of the Grande and Corrente rivers; a possible adhesion of Verde and Jacaré to the São Francisco Main Channel Committee; membership to a single agency in the state of Bahia or to an agency that covers the region where Verde and Jacaré are located, possibly joining the committees of the Grande and Corrente rivers, making up a single agency and which they would receive, through membership for purposes exclusive to collection, the Verde and Jacaré basins. In stage 1, the Water Planning and Management Region – RPGA is detailed and the simulation of charging in the Verde and Jacaré river basin and its revenue potential is analyzed. In stage 2, the estimated revenue, and investments and/or actions to be implemented in RPGA-XVIII are evaluated, according to the potential flows that this basin demands. The assessment shows that there is no financial sustainability for the creation of the RPGA Basin Agency for the Verde and Jacaré rivers; In developing this research, its author focused on the experience of charging in the São Francisco basin, considered a central reference to honor the principle of hydrographic unity; recommends that the state's water management body, INEMA, carry out feasibility studies to implement the charge and create an agency with the committees of the tributary sub-basins of the São Francisco. As a final specific objective, the net benefit for society in the basin is calculated in the case in which the revenue from the collection is allocated entirely to sanitation.