Influência de testes de simulação de vaquejada sobre biomarcadores em equinos da raça Quarto de milha

Abstract

SODRÉ, T. D. R. P. Biological markers of Quarter horses during Vaquejada simulation testes. 2019. 59 p. Dissertação (Mestre em Ciência Animal no Trópicos) – Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 2020. Vaquejada has been practiced for over a century, being one of the most traditional equestrian sports in Brazil, especially in the Northeast. After being the subject of discussions in various scenarios, the activity became considered the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the country (Law 13.364 / 2016). Despite its cultural importance, studies on horses used in the said athletic modality are still rare. In this sense, the objective of this work was to determine the influence of physical exercise on physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters of Quarter Horses and their crossbred, submitted to a vaquejada simulation test (VST). The study was carried out in February and March 2018. Ten horses, being five pull horses and five helper horses, considered clinically healthy were used. The animals performed a VST, in which each pair, consisting of a rider / pull horse and a rider / helper horse, ran three batteries, with a break of 5 (M1), 10 (M2) and 15 (M3) minutes of rest, on a soft sand track along with a bull. The horses were evaluated at six different times: rest (T0), immediately after the first battery (T1), immediately after the second battery (T2), immediately after the third battery (T3), with 30 minutes of recovery (T4) and with 240 minutes of recovery (T5). A horse-friendly Polar V800- GPS heart rate monitor (HR) was used to measure HRmax, HRmed, Vmax, Vmed, duration and speed achieved. Blood samples were obtained for blood count and the following biochemical analyzes: glucose, lactate, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine kinase and total protein. The variables were statistically analyzed with two-factor comparison, with a significance level of 5%. It was observed that in M3 the helper horses presented lower values related to glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine kinase, body temperature, higher values for triglycerides and MCV. Regarding the activity (pull x helper horses), it was observed that there were significant differences for the variables glucose, creatinine kinase and body temperature. It was concluded that the changes observed in the physiological, hematological and biochemical markers are compatible with the type and intensity of exercise performed by each of the categories of animals studied (pullers x helper horses) and that the helper horses presented a higher participation of aerobic metabolism during the practice of the activity showing a better utilization in the 15 minutes rest interval between the batteries. Due their differentiated physical efforts, it is important to prepare training protocols and individualized nutritional programs, aiming at a better performance and guaranteeing the well being of these athletes