Efetividade da simulação clínica na capacitação de enfermeiros na ressuscitação cardiopulmonar pediátrica

Abstract

In intra- and extra-hospital environments, the effective management of Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation involves a chain of six steps, called pediatric survival links, which must be implemented in a sequenced and synchronized manner to reduce mortality and irreversible neurological sequelae. Clinical Simulation as an active continuing education methodology makes it possible to associate the realism of high-fidelity simulation with the knowledge and clinical practice of pediatric nurses, generating aincrease in self-confidence and ability to effective action in resuscitation. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of clinical simulation in training nurses in hospital pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Method: This is an intervention study, with a quantitative approach, of a quasi experimental type carried out in a public general hospital in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The data were collected through instruments previously developed by the researchers based on teaching materials referenced by the American Heart Association in 2020, these being: an initial pre-test and final post-test containing 22 questions and an instrument for evaluating the initial simulated practice and final. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23 was used for the analyzes and Office Excel was used to create graphs and tables, considering a significance level of 5%. Results and discussion: 26 clinical nurses from pediatric emergency, infirmary and intensive care units participated in the study, the majority being female, 21 (81%), 12 (46%) aged 41-50 years, 17 (65%) self called themselves brown, 13 (50%) had 5-10 years of training, 13 (50%) reported having 1-4 years of experience in pediatrics, 4 (15%) reported having specialization in ICU and emergency pediatric. There was better performance of nurses in the post-intervention period for links 1, 2, 3 and 5, considering the p-value and the high percentage of correct answers; for links 4 and 6, although they also presented a high percentage of correct answers after intervention, no statistical significance was observed. In the practical scenario, the participants achieved satisfactory performance in all links (p-value < 0.05), with the exception of link 6, although the percentage of actions carried out was higher in the post-intervention period compared to the pre-intervention period, the significance level was slightly above 5% (p-value: 0.063). Conclusion: Clinical Simulation was effective in training nurses in pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation, favoring increased knowledge, assessment, and patient safety, configuring itself as an important educational tool for teaching and training skills in nursing care.