Análise do comportamento biológico do pericárdio bovino acelularizado na cobertura do implante de silicone em dorso de rato

Abstract

Introduction: In recent decades, biomaterials have been increasingly used in different experimental and clinical studies. Acellularized bovine pericardium (ABP) is a biomaterial that has a high amount of collagen and can be used in breast reconstruction, as it provides adequate three-dimensional support for tissue repair. Objective: To analyze the ABP’s biological behavior in the coverage of silicone implants in the back of rats. Material and Methods: 24 male Wistar rats, weighing between 250 and 350g, were distributed into two groups: experimental (EG) – biomaterial (ABP) superimposed on the mini breast prosthesis (MP); and control (CG) – MP without implantation of the biomaterial - with eight animals at each biological point at 1, 2, 4, 12 and 26 weeks post-operatively, in accordance with ISO 10993 - 6 (2010). Histomorphologically, the inflammatory response, formation of a fibrous capsule and the ABP’s biointegration with the host tissue, were evaluated. Results: In the macroscopic evaluation, no postoperative complications were observed across all biological points. Histological analysis showed a chronic inflammatory response in the EG and a chronic granulomatous response in the CG, moderate in both groups; formation of a thinner fibrous capsule in the EG when compared to the CG, at the biological endpoint; and biointegration of the ABP with host tissue at the implantation site. Conclusion: The ABP used did not reveal any complications during the three periods of analysis; remained intact and proved to be biocompatible with a regressive chronic inflammatory response over time; and biointegrated with the surrounding tissues at the implantation site.