Opencadastre: percursos e reflexões na atualidade do cadastro territorial urbano brasileiro

Abstract

The Brazilian urban land registry has a historical and evolutionary implementation path closely related to the municipalization and territorial occupation of the country. The decentralization of this process and the transfer of the Brazilian urban land registry from the municipal headquarters to their respective municipalities provides a heterogeneous scenario regarding the effective application of a functional urban land registry over the last decades. In parallel, in the international sphere there are studies on citizens' contributions - in an open environment within Information and Communication Technologies - that may provide additional and/or complementary offers to develop alternative cadastral systems or to update already existing cadastral systems. This discussion is opportune for the national context, once the analysis resulting from the study of the urban territorial cadastral evolution in Brazil has pointed out that there are few municipalities that have an urban territorial cadastre implemented and the Bibliometric Analysis topic brings quantitative results that research in the Opencadastre sphere is still insipient worldwide, especially in Brazil. Thus, this doctoral research aimed to systematize the national and international framework on the application of Opencadastre, seeking to characterize in a panoramic way the management of the work currently developed by the main institutions around the world and point to a proposal of Opencadastre with possibilities of preliminary collaborative participation in Brazil - even if it does not completely replace the official data or can serve as a simplified urban land registry. However, the proposal for the implementation of a strictly technical platform cannot point to a complete solution, for this reason, the topic of Cartographic Literacy, Use of Digital Geotechnologies in Teaching and Informal Movements in the international and national spheres comes to the fore as fostering elements for the implementation of cartography in a continuous and perennial way. The relationship between Opencadastre, Smart Cities, Voluntary Geographic Information and Cartographic Literacy is very relevant and potent to the current context, because it helps in the understanding of the current Brazilian urban cadastral state and guides the search for future perspectives for the national cadastral sphere, thinking about the promotion of cartographic culture - central element for solid changes. Thus, this research contributes through a propositional awareness for the insertion of collaboration within the urban territorial cadastre in the short and medium term, as well as performs analysis of citizen training regarding cartographic literacy, importance of informal mobilizations and their challenges that, ultimately, reflect on the political potency for change of the current cartographic scenario and, specifically, cadastral in the long term.