Ensaio clínico randomizado para avaliar a eficácia do tratamento on-line com terapia cognitiva processual, promoção da saúde baseada em mindfulness e psicoterapia positiva para transtorno de estresse pós-traumático durante a pandemia COVID-19

Abstract

Introduction: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) often arises following exposure to traumatic events, as evidenced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the complexity of PTSD and the challenges posed by the pandemic, exploring effective online psychotherapy methods is crucial. This study examines trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT), Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion (MBHP), and Positive Psychotherapy (PP) in treating PTSD. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of these therapies in an online format during the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare their impacts on improving symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and guilt, as well as promoting well-being. Methods: A randomized, multicentric, single-blind clinical trial was conducted with 57 patients, divided into three groups, each undergoing one of the therapies over 14 online sessions. Outcomes were assessed using CAPS-5, HADS, WHO-5, and other relevant scales. Results: A detailed protocol for each psychotherapy modality was developed, aiming to minimize PTSD symptoms. The clinical trial revealed similar effects across the three modalities, indicating potential for the online format in reducing PTSD symptoms. Discussion: The results suggest that all tested therapies are promising for the online treatment of PTSD. However, it is important to note the study's limitations, including the sample size and treatment duration. The similar efficacy of the therapies may indicate flexibility in treating PTSD, allowing adaptation to individual patient needs. These findings are particularly relevant considering the increased rates of PTSD during the pandemic and the need for accessible, effective therapies. Future research should explore extended treatments and compare long-term outcomes. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of developing and testing new online psychotherapy modalities for treating PTSD, a complex and severe disorder, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.