Estratégias de suporte aos profissionais de enfermagem na condição de segundas vítimas durante a pandemia da Covid-19

Abstract

This study addresses the strategies of support to nursing professionals as second victims during the covid-19 pandemic. Its general objective is: To analyze the strategies adopted by nursing managers to support the second victims in the hospital assitencial context of the pandemic by coronavirus. And as specific objectives: To identify the strategies adopted by nursing managers to support the second victims in the hospital assitencial context of the pandemic by coronavirus; Describe the strategies adopted by nursing managers to support the second victims in the hospital assitencial context of the pandemic by coronavirus. This is a field research, of exploratory character, with a qualitative approach. The empirical research field had as reference two health organizations located in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The collection was performed exclusively by the main researcher, and occurred in places chosen by the interviewees. Eight managers were interviewed between January and April 2022. A script and a form were used as an instrument to collect information, which was applied in the semi-structured interview, being recorded through the mobile phone in the voice recorder feature, transcribed and submitted to Bardin Content Analysis. Three categories of analysis and respective subcategories were constructed: Category I: Recognition of the professional's emotional condition by managers; Reception of the professional as a second victim; Referral of the professional as the second victim for psychological support. Category II: Analysis of the care incident through the notification of events; Category III: Training and (re)guidance of the professional as a second victim. The recognition, by the manager, of the emotional condition of the second victim is necessary, being decisive in the outcome of the event, since the emotional condition of the professional, when not valued or neglected, can trigger psychological, physical problems, and negative feelings of fear, sadness, shame and dissatisfaction with work. It is understood that the reception to the professional as the second victim, needs to be developed in practice in an empathic way, based on effective communication, active listening, and the deconstruction of the culture of punishment, being replaced by a fair and safe culture.