A guerra tem rosto de mulher: o papel dos arquivos na ressignificação da memória coletiva protagonizada por mulheres no período da Segunda Guerra Mundial

Abstract

The general objective of the research is to (re)tell the narratives of women during the Second World War, based on the role of archives in this process. Specifically, it was intended: to select narratives produced by women about the period of World War II (1939-1945), to narrate the stories produced by women about the period of World War II (1939-1945), to discuss the role of archives for resignification collective memory and, to propose a (re) construction of the collective memory of the period approached from the perspective of the narratives. The theoretical reference makes a discussion about the triad and the issues involving Archive, Memory and History. It presents archival institutions and how they are controlled by the public authorities, the limits that exist between what is made public and the secrets of the State, a reflection on banal evil in the exercise of the archivist's duties, notions of individual and collective memory, unique history and official history, and also discusses underground memories and memories of subordinate women. The methodology is anchored in a qualitative approach, of the type of documentary research, and autobiographical method. The analysis, results and discussions of this research are based on the narratives of Anne Frank, Nanette Blitz Konig and Svetlana Aleksiévitch. The results show the role of women and their narratives. Women who dealt with the horrors of war, warriors, and who won even when they lost their own lives. And, they also point out that the narratives about and carried out by women contain essential elements for the redefinition of a collective memory. The final considerations discuss the collective memory of women and how archives can contribute to the construction of a more just and egalitarian history.