Sistema para rastreamento e gestão de recursos físicos integrando IOT e BIM: aplicação no sistema de parede de concreto moldado in loco

Abstract

At the construction site, different physical resources (personnel, equipment, and materials) interact with each other during production. In traditional tracking of these resources, information is usually collected on-site through paper-based manual methods or with a low integration level with the production management and control systems. Such methods present low reliability and consume human time and effort. Technologies associated with Industry 4.0 and Construction 4.0 can bring improvements in this regard. The main goal of this study is to propose a system to track physical resources on-site through the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) with Building Information Modeling (BIM), aiming to facilitate the management of the metallic formworks in the cast-in-place concrete wall constructive system. The specific goals are: (a) identify in loco the physical, functional, and movement characteristics of the formworks; (b) identify requirements for the development of a system with IoT and BIM, to track physical resources on construction site; (c) develop a system prototype to facilitate the process of collecting, storing, and managing the necessary data to track the formworks, aiming to improve the quality of the generated walls; (d) to evaluate the system considering its performance and the client's requirements, from the pilot implementation on site. The strategy to conduct the research is Design Science Research (DSR), including the following steps: (a) Awareness - literature review and understanding of the theoretical problem and the practical problem; (b) Suggestion - mapping and diagnosis for tracking the formworks, the study of system requirements, tools and equipment specifications and construction of prototypes; (c) Development - the creation of a Digital Twin, the creation of a mobile app, on-site study with tests and pilot implementation of the system at the construction site; (d) Evaluation - measurement of system performance and analysis of customer requirements, considering the pilot implementation; (e) Conclusion - final considerations about the study and the communication of results. As a main result, the system was successfully developed and evaluated, at the functional prototype level, involving the data collection, storage, management, and visualization process, integrating the Digital Twin into the mobile app. The main contributions were related to preserving the integrity and useful life of the formworks, supporting the assembly sequence, identifying deviations, and promoting improvements in the quality of the walls. The system showed the potential to support decision-making and promote improvements concerning physical resources management and control, representing a relevant solution for the construction sector.