Tríade trágica na produção científica da enfermagem sobre a pessoa hospitalizada com câncer: revisão de escopo

Abstract

The diagnosis of a life-threatening disease generates profound existential changes in the human being. The person hospitalized with cancer experiences the elements of the tragic triad (suffering, guilt and death) during their illness and it is up to the nurse to make this nursing care more humanistic, existentialist and integral. In this context, the study presents the following research question: What is the scientific evidence of the tragic triad (suffering, guilt and death) on nursing care for the person hospitalized with cancer? And the objective is to map the scientific evidence of the tragic triad (suffering, guilt and death) on nursing care for the person hospitalized with cancer. This is a Scoping Review research that followed the methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), carried out using PubMed databases and the Virtual Health Library (VHL) platform. The collection period of the articles was from April 2022 to June 2022. For the selection of studies, texts in English, Portuguese and Spanish were used as inclusion criteria; and the PCC (Population, Concept and Context), being Population: texts that approach people with cancer; Concept: elements of the tragic triad (suffering, guilt and death) in nursing care; Context: hospital environment. Duplicate studies, not available in full for free, and those that do not respond to the central question or the objective, were excluded. The sample consisted of 17 studies which were analyzed analytically and synthesized in two categories: Evidences about the meaning of life and the tragic triad in nursing publications about hospitalized cancer patients; and nursing care in the process of death and end of life of people hospitalized with cancer in nursing publications. There is a large number of studies using the theoretical framework of Viktor Frankl, but few directed to the area of nursing. The studies recommend the need for more research covering this topic. Thus, it can contribute to the great challenge of the professional nurse, which is to work with the elements of the tragic triad within the nursing process, providing quality care.