Determinação das concentrações de cálcio e fósforo em alimentos coadjuvantes secos e úmidos e suplementos mineral-vitamínico para cães e gatos com doença renal crônica.A

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) primarily affects older dogs and cats and is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of kidney function. Consequently, there is a reduction in the glomerular filtration rate and phosphorus (P) retention leading to hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia. Therefore, the primary intervention for this change is dietary modification with P restriction and calcium (Ca) maintenance. With this, the objective of the work was to identify the adequacy of the P and Ca contents of 24 dry and moist veterinary foods and two supplements indicated for dogs and cats with CKD. For this, 200g of sample was taken from each product and sent to a certified chemical analysis laboratory for determination of P and Ca. These results were compared with the value described on the label and the reference values considered suitable for dogs and cats in maintenance or with DRC. Thus, it was observed that although all rations have a minimum and maximum value of Ca on the label, the described value of P in most foods (62.5%) was just the minimum. The analyzed P levels exceeded the minimum described by up to four times in foods, and by more than 1000 times in one of the supplements. The Ca levels obtained were higher than stated on the label in three foods and lower than in a supplement. Regarding the adequacy of levels for CKD in foods, three of them contained higher levels of P than recommended. Ten foods showed a Ca and P ratio that could compromise disease control. With incomplete information and unrepresentative values of P in foods and supplements, their indication by the professional may be wrong for the patient's clinical condition. Therefore, not all veterinary foods and supplements were considered suitable for dogs and cats with CKD, as the information on the mineral content of foods on the label needs to be completer and more representative to suit them. Furthermore, changes to existing regulatory guidelines regarding maximum P levels in foods and supplements formulated for animals with CKD should be considered.