Espaço metropolitano e justiça espacial: cartografia das diferenças espaciais em metrópoles nordestinas

Abstract

The present text study the urban space of the four main metropolitans regions of the brasilian northeast through of the criation of the Spatial Justice Index. Therefore, the thesis has as objects of study the Metropolitans Regions of Salvador, Recife, Fortaleza and Natal, that it has population, economic and social importance unique to the Northeast region and to the Brazil. For identify the presence of spatial (in)justice, the differents elements of the urban structure were spatialized, as the urban infrastructure, the digital services, publics facilities, the intrametropolitan mobility and the phisical conditions of the streets and housesholds. The results allow us to infer that the study areas present the predominance of the spatial justice and suffer from the ineffective sptial distribution of the urban infrastructure, os the digital services and urban facilities. The urban tissue of these places is contradictory to the few áreas in which the presence of spatial justice has been identified, which is restricted to a select group of áreas of demographic expasion that historically occupied by traditional layers of the societies studied. In this sense, it was identified that the farther a Demographic Expansion Area or Municipality (AED) was from the metropolitan headquarters, the greater the possibility that the values registered in the indicators and index would be lower in relation to the central AED or the metropolitan nuclei of the city. RM. Thus, based on the critical analyzes constructed throughout the text, the spatial justice scales constructed to analyze the indices show that the largest concentration of the population is in the spatial injustice classes and their divisions, while the spatial justice classes are composed by small portion of society.