Modelo para desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento dos potenciais para resiliência assistido por meio do monitoramento da segurança com VANT

Abstract

Safety management is responsible for identifying hazards, evaluating, and control of risks on construction sites. However, its efficiency has been questioned due to the high accident rates faced by the construction industry. This inefficiency can be associated with the difficulty in monitoring processes without the appropriate technological support and the reactive approach applied in the construction over the years. In order to improve such aspects, studies highlight the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) as an effective alternative to monitor safety conditions on-site and support timely decision making. Regarding the proactive approaches, Resilience Engineering (RE) emerges as a new paradigm capable of dealing with everyday variability and support the performance adjustments responsible for continuing operations after unexpected events or in the presence of continuous stress. Thus, this thesis aimed to propose a prescriptive model to guide the development and improvement of resilience potentials through safety monitoring with UAS. As specific objectives, this research sought to (1) propose a protocol for monitoring using UAS integrated into safety management routines, (2) identify the contributions of UAS monitoring for developing Safety-I and Safety-II perspectives, and (3) propose guidelines to apply the model for the development and improvement of the resilience potentials assisted by UAS monitoring. The research was developed based on Design Science Research strategy, involving three empirical studies along the following stages: (a) the problem investigation stage sought to identify the gaps regarding the safety monitoring using UAS at construction sites; (b) the suggestion stage emphasized the development of a protocol for UAS monitoring integrated into the SGS routines in light of the RE; (c) the implementation stage aimed to combine the protocol and theoretical contributions to the development of potentials for resilience; and (d) evaluation of the model and its implementation based on the utility and impacts and risks constructs. As main results, it was observed that the proposed model facilitates the identification of hazards and non-conformities (Safety-I) and make it easy to understand informal practices and mechanisms that contribute to the maintenance of daily operations (Safety-II), for example, the observation of work-as-done and the learning with the success and failure factors. As theoretical findings, this thesis contributes to the advancement of knowledge by proposing a model and guidelines for developing resilience mechanisms and their practices in order to improve the abilities of organizations to monitor, respond, anticipate and learn. As practical contributions, the proposed model enables better collaboration, transparency and agility in decision making. In addition, its present operational and safety routines that facilitate the integration of UAS monitoring into safety management system. The perceived limitations emphasized the users' difficulty in using the information provided by UAS monitoring for the development of resilience potentials. This difficulty must be attributed to human and organizational factors, such as prioritizing productivity in the conscious safety sacrifice, lack of resources, safety personnel overwork, inefficient training, planning failure, absence of organizational memory, among others