Demanda vocal de professores em diferentes modalidades de ensino na pandemia da COVID-19: estudo multicêntrico

Abstract

PURPOSE: To identify the vocal demand in teachers during the pandemic in the ERE and after REP. METHODS: Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study, with teachers of Basic Education in the cities of Belo Horizonte, Campinas, Salvador and São Paulo. The project was registered under CAAE nº 35899020.6.1001.5662 and approved by the Ethics in Research Committees of the institutions involved. We applied an online semi-structured questionnaire, available on GoogleForms, during the ERT and RCI, containing socio-demographic data, use of masks, work environment, besides the protocols Vocals Grade Quantity Discounts Speech and Voice protocols and Conditions of Vocal Production of Teachers. The data were analyzed descriptively, using measures of central tendency and dispersion (STATA 13.0). RESULTS: 332 teachers participated in the survey, in the ERT (n=263) and in the RCI (n=69). The sociodemographic profile was predominantly female (ERT=87.8%; RCI=79.7%), self-declared white (ERT=40.6%; CI=39.1%), married (ERT=57.7%) and separated (RCI=63.7%), post-graduated (ERT=70.3%; RCI=79.7%), with a mean age of 45.5(9) years. The teachers participating in the ERT were mostly from the city of São Paulo (44.4%), in the RCI the majority was from Salvador (34.7%), with mean ERT=19.3(19.6) and RCI=17.73(8.9) years of work as a teacher. They reported a noisy work environment (ERT=54.3%; RCI=50.7%), and this noise was strong (ERT=59.3%; RCI=47.8%), and with the presence of dust (ERT=41.1%; RCI=49.3%). They reported vocal alterations (ERT=47.9%; RCI=52.2%), without current treatment (ERT=49.8%; RCI=46.4%). As for the GQFIV, regarding the habitual voice, the teachers had a mean in the ERT=5.0(1.5) and RCI=5.3(1.3) for amount of speech; ERT=3.9(2) and RCI=4.8(1.3), for vocal intensity. Regarding the voice in the work environment, the means increased, being ERT=5.7(1.2) and RCI=5.8(1.1) for speech and ERT=5.3(1.4) and 5.4(1) for voice. CONCLUSION: The results show that in both moments, ERT and RCI, teachers faced a high vocal demand, both for speech and voice intensity, especially at work.