A questão da soberania do estado em Hegel e no jovem Marx

Abstract

The concept os state’s soverreignty, in it’s inner dimension, deals with the relation of authority that every state has over the individuals that inhabitate it’s territory. We intend in this research to develop a reflexion about this concept in view of the complexity that the problem of sovereignty carries to the justification of the modern state, based on the preservation of individual liberty. We treat this question from the scrutinity of G.W.F Hegel’s theories on his Philosophy of Right and another central works of his philosophical system, and the young Marx in the Critics of Hegel‟s Philosophy of Right. We intend to reach two objectives with these analyzes I) to follow the description of Hegel about the bougeois civil society and the state as a reason of the soveregnty resulting from the bourgeois revolutions on XVIII century Europe, essentializing this conception of state as an ontological fulfillment of the spirit; II) to follow the critics that the young Marx develops against Hegel’s state theory point out the problems of the description of state and bourgeois civil society with a view to submission, on Marx judgment, of the concrete social relations to the abstract movement of the idea. This critical reading will be based on the interpretation of Marx works until 1843 with special atention to the Critics of Hegel‟s philosophy of right, folow the reception of the Ludwig Feuerbach philosophy on Marx and the concepts of generic awareness and alienation, that support the notion in the works of Marx of complete overcome of the state as an sovereignty entity over the society.