Dor musculoesquelética múltipla em trabalhadores da pesca artesanal: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are among the main public health problems worldwide that affect the population of developed and developing countries. MSDs are complex, multifactorial and pain is often reported in more than one location in the body. Multiple musculoskeletal pain (DM) affects both the general population and the working population (formal and informal), with a high impact on work ability, as well as on absenteeism. This research, developed with the participation of the artisanal fishing community and an intersectoral working group, presents a literature review and a scientific article. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of multiple musculoskeletal pain (DM) and its associated factors in artisanal fishery workers living in two localities of Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil. Method: The project was developed based on data obtained from two cross-sectional studies, one carried out in 2013 and the other in 2017, from random samples of artisanal fisherman/shellfish gatherers populations belonging to the communities de Saubara and Santiago do Iguape, with n= 457 in total. Both communities are located in Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil. The outcome variable number of pain sites per individual was determined by summing pain sites for eight body regions. This variable was classified into three categories: individuals without pain, with pain in a single location on the body and with multiple pain. The PR for the number of pain sites and their respective 95% confidence intervals were obtained based on the separate log binomial regression model adjusted for socioeconomic, occupational and physical demand variables. Results: The prevalence of single pain and multiple pain among artisanal fishing workers was 13.5% and 70.7%, respectively. A higher prevalence of DM was observed in female individuals (PR=1.37; 95%CI 1.13-1.66), aged over 39 years (PR=1.21; 95%CI 1.08-1 .35) and exposed to high physical demands (RP=1.31; 95%CI 1.11-1.53). Conclusion: DM has a high magnitude among artisanal fishing workers, corroborating the concept that multiple pain is a progression of local pain, when kept to exposure to various occupational and extra-occupational risk factors.