Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de profissionais de enfermagem na Bahia durante a pandemia pela COVID-19 entre setembro-2020 a maio-2021

Abstract

Introduction: COVID-19, a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, was first detected in December 2019. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic state in the world. Health professionals who are working directly with COVID-19 patients are more exposed to contamination. Nursing professionals are on the front lines in the fight against the pandemic. Physical and psychological strain, unsatisfactory working conditions and social distance during the pandemic are factors that can impact the health-related quality of life of nursing. Objective: To identify factors associated with the health-related quality of life of nursing professionals in Bahia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with snowball sampling, with nurses and nursing technicians from the State of Bahia. Data collection was carried out online, using the Google Forms platform, from September 2020 to May 2021. In a structured questionnaire, sociodemographic information was collected, information on the impact of the pandemic on professional activity and an assessment of the quality of life, through the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The final sample totaled 113 nursing professionals. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical program. The instrument's reliability was assessed using the Cronbach's Alpha Index. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with variation in the four quality of life domains of the WHOQOL-BREF Results: Multivariate analyzes revealed that being a suspected case of COVID-19 was associated with a low mean quality of life score in the Physical domain. Professionals who were left out of the profession because of COVID-19 had lower estimated quality of life scores in the Physical and Psychological domains. Working exclusively in a private institution was associated with a worse quality of life in the Social Relations domain. Professionals who reported having received social support from people other than their peers had higher mean scores in the Physical, Psychological, Social relationships and Environment domains of quality of life. professionals. The estimated mean score in the Social Relations domain decreased by 0.855 percentage units for each year of age of the nursing professional. Conclusions: Age, social support, suspension of professional practice, being a suspected case of the disease and type of institutional bond were associated with variation in the quality of life of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.