Vivências dos pais/cuidadores no acompanhamento escolar das crianças durante a pandemia pela COVID-19

Abstract

The pandemic context has caused changes in family dynamics. With the suspension of face to face classes and the introduction of remote teaching, the supervision of parents and caregivers in their children's school activities became more necessary. Given this scenario, this research aimed to understand the experiences of parents and caregivers in the school monitoring of children during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research participants were parents and caregivers of children enrolled in the initial grades of elementary school (1st to 5th grade) who seek Child Psychotherapy at the Psychology Service of a Higher Education Institution in the countryside of Bahia. The research design has a qualitative exploratory descriptive approach, with an action research approach, based on the historical cultural method. The action research was carried out through group interventions guided by collaborative dialogical practices, which made it possible to identify demands on the exercise of the parental relationship that are related to school monitoring, during the pandemic - Covid-19, and to analyze the meanings and senses arising from the experiences of parents and caregivers in this monitoring process. The analysis procedure was based on the careful and critical reading of each indicator and pre-indicators, taken from excerpts from parents' narratives during the group intervention. Then the center of meanings of the participants' experiences were constructed, namely: Perceptions, feelings and strategies of parents and caregivers in the face of their children's school monitoring during the pandemic; Reflections on parents' experiences in the face of parental exercise: expectations and idealizations; Parental guidance group: possibilities for mutual transformations. In view of the center of meanings described, the following meanings were attributed: unpreparedness in the face of the new, resignification, parents' emotional health and need for support, challenge in parental exercise, flexibility and positive exchanges. The results indicate that, although the parental experience is challenging, parents have resources for adaptation and reorganization of family dynamics, facing the challenges imposed by remote education. In view of the results obtained, the study points to the importance of parent orientation groups as a supporting resource for parental experience. Thus, in order to contribute to the promotion of parents' health and family relationships, through the Research Line "Human Development and Educational Practices in Health" of the Professional Master's Degree in Health Psychology (UFBA - IMS/CAT), which focuses on studies aimed at human development and its relationships with health in different stages of the life cycle and in different contexts, this study proposes, as a final product, the implementation of a Parental Orientation Program - POP as a proposal for a brief psychological intervention for a Higher Education Institution - HEI, in the city of Guanambi-BA, aiming to develop educational and health promotion practices.