Experiências de luto não reconhecido: o que se opera entre perda e precariedade

Abstract

This research has grief as its object of investigation, using psychoanalytic theory in articulation with Judith Butler's political philosophy as a theoretical contribution. Starting from the Butlerian notion of non-grievable lives, the following question was elaborated as a research problem: how is the subjective experience of the work of mourning characterized for those who suffer from the loss of socially non-grievable lives? The assumptions that enabled the formulation of this question will be discussed in the introduction to this work, namely: 1) the recognition and affirmation of the indissociability between the singular and collective dimensions of subjectivity in the psychoanalytic perspective; 2) the way in which this indissociability is presented in the Freudian essay Mourning and Melancholy (1917), one of the main references in this project; and 3) the articulation made, from this, between psychoanalysis and philosophy, to think about mourning as a political category. From these points, the research objectives will be presented followed by the justification. From the point of view of approaching the research problem and the objectives to be presented, it is proposed to carry out an exploratory research of a qualitative nature, operationalized through semi-structured interviews, discussed in dialogue with the bibliographic review on the subject. Studies on mourning will be taken as a basis, specifically in cases of losses resulting from state violence. Data production will be done through the records of interviews and field diaries, with mothers whose children have been victims of state violence as participants in the research. The results found in the reports allow us to defend the way in which State violence is expressed not only in the lack of recognition of some lives (and is based on non-recognition) but also produces effects in the way mourning will be experienced. We emphasize that the different framing modalities of some lives can produce, as a consequence, characteristic mourning: production of guilt, difficulties in the elaboration and symbolization of felt affections. Finally, the presentation of each narrative aims to defend the testimonies for their dual function: to elaborate the loss, to denounce the violence that is observed in these. We bet on the possibility that this study will contribute to broaden the discussions around the theme and not only theoretical constructions, but clinical ones, in the reception, in the management and in the subjective listening of the work of mourning.