Entre o público e o privado: a construção da estrada de rodagem de Senhor do Bonfim a Uauá (Bahia, década de 1920)

Abstract

This thesis aims to study the construction of a road between the county of Senhor do Bonfim and Uauá in the center-north of Bahia. The construction of roads, notably those foreseen in the Law 1.847, of august 28 of 1925 that has done the State of Bahia Roads Plan, was an important feature of Góis Calmon (1924-1928) government and the enlargement of the Bahia’s road network with roads suitable for use by the automobile was fundamental to process of spatialization of some areas of Bahia's territory, contributed to create new regionalities that, many times, broke up with the centrality exercised by Salvador, point where should converge, as though the powerful elites of the capital, all state and neighbor movements. The bonfinenses and uauaenses elites, principally the first, opened a road with 132 km between these two places aiming to facilitate the communications between then and drain to Senhor do Bonfim, in this moment the most developed city in this region, the products and the people from the great portion that went out bounds of the own region to areas of Sergipe, Alagoas and Pernambuco. The power group of the city intended to enlarge the regional control exercised by Bonfim since the XIX century about region immediately next to the city and zoom it up to the boundaries of the other states, exercised the virtual control of all Bahia's northwestern. In this study, we discuss the formation of Bahia transportation system from its beginnings to the decade of 1920, we work with region and urban hierarchy notions, we analyze the creation of public-privates partnerships between country elites and the State government, we observe how this relations are processed in the middle of the troubled bahian policy form the First Republic and the how the bonfinenses elites related to the capital policy, as well we try to understand the failures on the project of power of the group based in Senhor do Bonfim and the legacy of the road to the region.